Stripped
- Sal: 2013
- Welat: United States of America
- Genre: Horror, Thriller, Comedy
- Studio: American Film Productions, Discovery Bay Films, ToMmY K. PICTURES
- Keyword: birthday, stripper, meat, found footage
- Serek: Mark LaFleur, J.M.R. Luna
- Avdan: Nicole Sienna, Josh Cole, Alvaro Orlando, Joseph Buttler, Nathalie Walker, Tommy Kijas